The Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Christian Religious Education Learning and Its Implications for Critical Thinking and Learning Autonomy among Upper Elementary Students at SD Swasta Generasi Bintang Medan

Abstract

This study aims to describe the implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in Christian Religious Education (CRE) and examine its implications for the critical thinking and learning autonomy of upper elementary students at SD Swasta Generasi Bintang Medan. The study is motivated by the rapid advancement of AI technologies in education, where AI functions not only as an instructional support tool but also as a catalyst for pedagogical transformation in enhancing the quality of twenty-first-century learning. This research employed a qualitative approach using a case study design. The participants consisted of Christian Religious Education teachers and Christian students in Grades IV, V, and VI. Data were collected through classroom observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. The data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, which includes data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification. The findings indicate that AI integration in Christian Religious Education was implemented through the use of educational chatbots, interactive digital learning media, and AI-powered search applications that enabled students to develop a more contextual understanding of biblical teachings. The integration of AI was found to enhance students' critical thinking skills, as reflected in their ability to analyze information, formulate meaningful questions, and evaluate responses more reflectively. Furthermore, AI contributed to the development of students' learning autonomy by strengthening their learning initiative, time management, and capacity for independent information exploration. Nevertheless, the study also identified a tendency among some students to become overly dependent on AI, highlighting the need for teachers to play an active role in guiding the ethical and responsible use of AI technologies. Overall, the integration of AI into Christian Religious Education positively contributes to the development of students' critical thinking and learning autonomy when implemented systematically and grounded in Christian values.