The Role of Forgiveness in Teacher Personality According to Matthew 18:21-22: A Case Study at SMP Negeri 5 Kurun

Abstract

This study explores the role of forgiveness as a central dimension of teacher personality based on Gospel of Matthew 18:21-22 and its implications for Christian Religious Education (CRE). The research was conducted as a qualitative case study at SMP Negeri 5 Kurun, involving 130 Christian students and 16 Christian teachers, including one CRE teacher. Employing a combination of systematic literature review and semi-structured interviews, this study examines how biblical forgiveness is understood theologically, embodied in teacher personality, and practiced in daily pedagogical interactions. The findings reveal that forgiveness is perceived by teachers not merely as a pedagogical technique but as a spiritual disposition rooted in obedience to Christ. Teachers who consistently internalize forgiveness demonstrate stronger emotional regulation, empathy, and moral authority in their educational roles. Forgiveness is implemented primarily through restorative disciplinary practices that prioritize dialogue, reconciliation, and moral reflection rather than punitive measures. Students report that experiencing forgiveness from teachers fosters psychological security, intrinsic motivation for moral change, and a greater willingness to practice forgiveness among peers. The integration of exegetical analysis and empirical data shows that Matthew 18:21-22 provides a robust theological foundation for understanding forgiveness as unlimited grace oriented toward restoration, not moral compromise. However, the study also identifies ongoing challenges such as emotional exhaustion, cultural expectations of authority, and the risk of moral misinterpretation when forgiveness is not balanced with accountability. This study concludes that forgiveness should be recognized as a core component of teacher personality competence in Christian education, with significant implications for teacher formation, restorative pedagogy, and holistic character development in schools.